The wedge
grafting is the easiest method of grafting. This method
is most suitable in arid and semi-arid region of India. This method creates
strong joints and can withstand even high winds. This method of grafting is
suitable during the months of December to January and July to August.
Selection
and preparation of Rootstock
A good rootstock is
very important for future production of high quality fruits. Evaluate the
rooting ability of the rootstock. A rootstock with a strong and extensive root
system contributes to the overall stability and health of the mango tree.
Healthy, strong and free from pest and disease. About 6-8 months old with a stem
thickness as a pencil.
Ensure
that you pair scions to rootstock of the same thickness. Cut the mango
rootstock seedling horizontally at a height of about 8 – 10 cm above soil level
by using a pruning secateure or sharp knife. Split the cut upper end of the
rootstock through to a depth of about 3 cm using a very sharp knife.
Selection and preparation of Scion
Choose a scion from
a well-established mango tree that exhibits the desired characteristics, such
as fruit quality, size and disease resistance. The scion should be a young,
vigorous shoot from the current season’s growth.
Identify
a highly productive, healthy mother tree of the desired variety and quality. Select scions from the end of the branches which are as thick as a pencil and
have an active, healthy terminal bud. Cut the scion to a final length of about
10-15 cm with a pruning secateure or a sharp knife. Use the grafting knife to
sharpen the cut lower end of the scion to a V-shape by removing the wood on
both sides of the scion. Make the V-shape as deep as possible as this
will increase the survival rate of your grafted scion. About 3 – 4 cm long is
suitable.
Join the Rootstock and Scion
Slide the sharpened end of the scion into the slot you have cut on the rootstock. Insert the scion as deep as possible into the cut of the rootstock and align the two parts. Wrap the grafting tape or the polythene strip tightly around the union and knot or inter-loop the two ends of the tape/strip.
Make sure that the wrapping is tight enough and that the scion does not move out of the union while wrapping. Label the grafted plants with the name of the scion variety. Keep the grafted plants in the shade and water it well. Remove the grafting tape or polythene strip when the wound is fully healed. Be careful not to injure the stem when removing the grafting tape or polythene strip. Harden your grafted plants to avoid shock by placing them in 50 % shade net area for 45-60 days before final transplanting.
